May. 13, 2024
Construction & Real Estate
Product Name: Titanium Carbide Powder
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CAS #: 12070-08-5
Relevant identified uses of the substance: Scientific research and development
Supplier details:
Stanford Advanced Materials
E-mail: sales@samaterials.com
Tel: (949) 407-8904
Address: 23661 Birtcher Dr., Lake Forest, CA 92630 U.S.A.
Classification of the substance or mixture in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
GHS02 Flame
Flam. Sol. 2 H228 Flammable solid.
Hazards not otherwise classified
No data available.
GHS label elements
The product is classified and labeled in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
Hazard pictograms
GHS02
Signal word: Warning
Hazard statements
H228 Flammable solid.
Precautionary statements
P210 Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. No smoking.
P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P240 Ground/bond container and receiving equipment.P241 Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/equipment.
P370+P378 In case of fire: Use for extinction: CO2, sand, extinguishing powder.
WHMIS classification
B4 - Flammable solid
Classification system
HMIS ratings (scale 0-4)
(Hazardous Materials Identification System)
HEALTH
FIRE
REACTIVITY
1
2
1
Health (acute effects) = 1
Flammability = 2
Physical Hazard = 1
Other hazards
Results of PBT and vPvB assessment:
PBT: N/A.
vPvB: N/A.
Substances
CAS No. / Substance Name:
12070-08-5 Titanium carbide
Identification number(s):
EC number: 235-120-4
Description of first aid measures
If inhaled:
Supply fresh air. If not breathing, provide artificial respiration. Keep patient warm.
Seek immediate medical advice.
In case of skin contact:
Immediately wash with soap and water; rinse thoroughly.
Seek immediate medical advice.
In case of eye contact:
Rinse opened eye for several minutes under running water. Consult a physician.
If swallowed:
Seek medical treatment.
Information for doctor
Most important symptoms and effects, both acute and delayed
No information available.
Indication of any immediate medical attention and special treatment needed
No information available.
Extinguishing media
Suitable extinguishing media
In case of fire, use sand, carbon dioxide or powdered extinguishing agent. Never use water.
Use carbon dioxide, extinguishing powder or foam. Water may be ineffective but may be used for
cooling exposed containers.
For safety reasons unsuitable extinguishing media
Water
Special hazards arising from the substance or mixture
If this product is involved in a fire, the following can be released:
Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide
Tantalum oxide
Advice for firefighters
Protective equipment:
Wear self-contained respirator.
Wear fully protective impervious suit.
Personal precautions, protective equipment and emergency procedures
Wear protective equipment. Keep unprotected persons away.
Ensure adequate ventilation
Keep away from ignition sources
Environmental precautions:
Do not allow product to reach sewage system or any water course.
Methods and material for containment and cleanup:
Ensure adequate ventilation.
Do not flush with water or aqueous cleansing agents
Prevention of secondary hazards:
Keep away from ignition sources.
Reference to other sections
See Section 7 for information on safe handling
See Section 8 for information on personal protection equipment.
See Section 13 for disposal information.
Handling
Precautions for safe handling
Keep container tightly sealed.
Store in cool, dry place in tightly closed containers.
Ensure adequate ventilation.
Information about protection against explosions and fires:
Protect against electrostatic charges.
Conditions for safe storage, including any incompatibilities
Storage
Requirements to be met by storerooms and receptacles:
Store in a cool location.
Information about storage in one common storage facility:
Do not store together with acids.
Store away from oxidizing agents.Further information about storage conditions:
Keep container tightly sealed.
Store in cool, dry conditions in well-sealed containers.
Specific end use(s)
No information available.
Additional information about design of technical systems:
Properly operating chemical fume hood designed for hazardous chemicals and having an average
face velocity of at least 100 feet per minute.
Control parameters
Components with limit values that require monitoring at the workplace:
The product does not contain any relevant quantities of materials with critical values that should be
monitored at the workplace.
Additional information: No data
Exposure controls
Personal protective equipment
Follow typical general protective and industrial hygiene measures for handling chemicals.
Keep away from foodstuffs, beverages and feed.
Remove all soiled and contaminated clothing immediately.
Wash hands before breaks and at the end of work.
Breathing equipment:
Use suitable respirator when high concentrations are present.
Recommended filter device for short term use:
Use a respirator with type N95 (USA) or PE (EN 143) cartridges as a backup to engineering controls.
Risk assessment should be performed to determine if air-purifying respirators are appropriate. Only
use equipment tested and approved under appropriate government standards.
Protection of hands: Impervious gloves
Inspect gloves prior to use.
Suitability of gloves should be determined both by material and quality, the latter of which may vary by
manufacturer.
Material of gloves
Nitrile rubber, NBR
Penetration time of glove material (in minutes)
480
Glove thickness
0.11 mm
Eye protection: Safety glasses
Body protection: Protective work clothing.
Information on basic physical and chemical properties
Appearance:
Form: Powder
Color: Dark gray
Odor: No data available.
Odor threshold: No data available.
pH: N/A.
Melting point/range: ca 3140 °C (ca 5684 °F)Boiling point/range: 4820 °C (8708 °F)
Sublimation temperature / start: No data available.
Flammability (solid, gas): Highly flammable.
Ignition temperature: No data available.
Decomposition temperature: No data available.
Auto igniting: No data available.
Danger of explosion: No data available.
Explosion limits:
Lower: No data available.
Upper: No data available.
Vapor pressure: N/A.
Density at 20 °C (68 °F): 4.93 g/cm³ (41.141 lbs/gal)
Relative density: No data available.
Vapor density: N/A.
Evaporation rate: N/A.
Solubility in Water (H
2
O): No data available.
Partition coefficient (n-octanol/water): No data available.
Viscosity:
Dynamic: N/A.
Kinematic: N/A.
Other information
No further relevant information available
Reactivity
No data available.
Chemical stability
Stable under recommended storage conditions.
Thermal decomposition / conditions to be avoided:
Decomposition will not occur if used and stored according to specifications.
Possibility of hazardous reactions
Reacts with strong oxidizing agents
Conditions to avoid
No information available.
Incompatible materials:
Acids
Oxidizing agents
Hazardous decomposition products:
Carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide
Tantalum oxide
Information on toxicological effects
Acute toxicity:
The Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances (RTECS) contains acute toxicity data for this
substance.
LD/LC50 values that are relevant for classification: No data
Skin irritation or corrosion: May cause irritation
Eye irritation or corrosion: May cause irritationSensitization: No sensitizing effects known.
Germ cell mutagenicity: N/A
Carcinogenicity:
No classification data on carcinogenic properties of this material is available from the EPA, IARC,
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Related links:NTP, OSHA or ACGIH.
Reproductive toxicity: N/A
Specific target organ system toxicity - repeated exposure: N/A
Specific target organ system toxicity - single exposure: N/A
Aspiration hazard: N/A
Subacute to chronic toxicity: N/A
Additional toxicological information:
To the best of our knowledge the acute and chronic toxicity of this substance is not fully known
Toxicity
Aquatic toxicity:
No information available.
Persistence and degradability:
No information available.
Bioaccumulative potential:
No information available.
Mobility in soil:
No information available.
Additional ecological information:
General notes:
Do not allow undiluted product or large quantities to reach ground water, water course or sewage
system.
Avoid transfer into the environment.
Results of PBT and vPvB assessment:
PBT: N/A.
vPvB: N/A.
Other adverse effects
No information available.
Waste treatment methods
Recommendation:
Consult state, local or national regulations to ensure proper disposal.
Uncleaned packagings:
Recommendation:
Disposal must be made according to official regulations
UN-Number
DOT, IMDG, IATA
UN3178
UN proper shipping nameDOT
Flammable solid, inorganic, n.o.s. (Titanium carbide)
IMDG, IATA
FLAMMABLE SOLID, INORGANIC, N.O.S. (Titanium carbide)
Transport hazard class(es)
DOT
Class
4.1 Flammable solids, self-reactive substances and solid desensitised explosives.
Label
4.1
Class
4.1 (F3) Flammable solids, self-reactive substances and solid desensitised explosives
Label
4.1
IMDG, IATA
Class
4.1 Flammable solids, self-reactive substances and solid desensitised explosives.
Label
4.1
Packing group
DOT, IMDG, IATA
III
Environmental hazards:
N/A.
Special precautions for user
Warning: Flammable solids, self-reactive substances and solid desensitised explosives
EMS Number:
F-A,S-G
Transport in bulk according to Annex II of MARPOL73/78 and the IBC Code
N/A.
Transport/Additional information:
DOT
Marine Pollutant (DOT):
No
UN "Model Regulation":
UN3178, Flammable solid, inorganic, n.o.s. (Titanium carbide), 4.1, III
Safety, health and environmental regulations/legislation specific for the substance or mixture
GHS label elements
The product is classified and labeled in accordance with 29 CFR 1910 (OSHA HCS)
Hazard pictograms
GHS02
Signal word: Warning
Hazard statements
H228 Flammable solid.
Precautionary statements
P210 Keep away from heat/sparks/open flames/hot surfaces. No smoking.
P280 Wear protective gloves/protective clothing/eye protection/face protection.
P240 Ground/bond container and receiving equipment.
P241 Use explosion-proof electrical/ventilating/lighting/equipment.
P370+P378 In case of fire: Use for extinction: CO2, sand, extinguishing powder.National regulations
All components of this product are listed in the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Toxic
Substances Control Act Chemical substance Inventory.
All components of this product are listed on the Canadian Domestic Substances List (DSL).
SARA Section 313 (specific toxic chemical listings)
Substance is not listed.
California Proposition 65
Prop 65 - Chemicals known to cause cancer
Substance is not listed.
Prop 65 - Developmental toxicity
Substance is not listed.
Prop 65 - Developmental toxicity, female
Substance is not listed.
Prop 65 - Developmental toxicity, male
Substance is not listed.
Information about limitation of use:
For use only by technically qualified individuals.
Other regulations, limitations and prohibitive regulations
Substance of Very High Concern (SVHC) according to the REACH Regulations (EC) No. 1907/2006.
Substance is not listed.
The conditions of restrictions according to Article 67 and Annex XVII of the Regulation (EC) No
1907/2006 (REACH) for the manufacturing, placing on the market and use must be observed.
Substance is not listed.
Annex XIV of the REACH Regulations (requiring Authorisation for use)
Substance is not listed.
Chemical safety assessment:
A Chemical Safety Assessment has not been carried out.
Safety Data Sheet according to Regulation (EC) No. 1907/2006 (REACH). The above information is
believed to be correct but does not purport to be all inclusive and shall be used only as a guide. The
information in this document is based on the present state of our knowledge and is applicable to the
product with regard to appropriate safety precautions. It does not represent any guarantee of the
properties of the product.
Photo Credit: Getty Images
While the metallurgic term “carbide grades” refers specifically to tungsten carbide (WC) sintered with cobalt, the same term has a broader meaning in machining: sintered tungsten carbide combined with coatings and other treatments. For example, two turning inserts made of the same carbide material but with a different coating or post-treatment are considered different grades. Carbide and coating combinations lack classification standardization, however, so different cutting tool suppliers use different names and classification methods for their grade charts. This can make grade comparison difficult for the end-user, an especially trying problem given that carbide grade suitability for a given application dramatically affects possible cutting conditions and tool life.
To navigate this maze, users must first understand what constitutes a carbide grade and how each element influences different aspects of machining.
The substrate is the bare material of the cutting insert or solid tool underneath the coatings and post-treatments. It is typically made up of between 80- and 95-percent WC. To give the substrate the desired properties, material manufacturers add various alloying elements. The main alloying element is cobalt (Co) — higher levels of cobalt lead to greater toughness, while lower levels of cobalt lead to greater hardness. Very hard substrates can reach a hardness of 1800 HV and provide excellent wear resistance, but are very brittle and are only suitable for very stable conditions. Very tough substrates have a hardness of around 1300 HV. These substrates can machine only at lower cutting speeds and wear out faster, but have better resistance to interrupted cuts and unfavorable conditions.
The right balance between hardness and toughness is the most crucial factor when selecting a grade for a particular application. Picking a grade that is too hard can lead to micro breakages along the cutting edge or even catastrophic failure. At the same time, a grade that is too tough will wear out fast or require decreasing the cutting speed, thus reducing productivity. Table 1 provides some basic guidelines for selecting the correct hardness:
Table 1 - Source: MachiningDoctor.com Material Turning Milling Continuous Light Interrupted Heavy Interrupted Steel Hard Medium Tough Tough Stainless Steel Hard Medium Tough Tough Aluminum Hard Medium-Hard Medium Medium Inconel Very Hard Hard Medium Tough Titanium Very Hard Hard Medium MediumMost modern carbide inserts and solid carbide tools are coated with a thin film (between 3 and 20 microns, or 0.0001 to 0.0007 inch). The coating is typically composed of titanium nitride, aluminum oxide and titanium carbon nitride layers. This coating increases the hardness and creates a heat barrier between the cut and the substrate.
Cutting tool coatings are added through one of two major technologies:
Table 2 provides a basic guide to selecting the most suitable coating for different applications.
Table 2 - Source: MachiningDoctor.com Material Turning Parting and Grooving Milling High Cutting Speed Low Cutting Speed Steel CVD PVD PVD PVD / Thin CVD Stainless Steel Thin CVD PVD PVD PVD / Thin CVD Aluminum Uncoated Uncoated Uncoated Uncoated Inconel Thin PVD Thin PVD Thin PVD PVD Titanium Thin PVD / Uncoated Thin PVD / Uncoated Thin PVD / Uncoated PVD / UncoatedDespite only gaining traction about a decade ago, adding a post-treatment after coating has become an industry standard. These treatments are usually sandblasting or other polishing techniques that smoothen the top coating layer, reducing friction and, as a result, generated heat. Price differences are typically minor, and in most cases, it is recommended to favor grades with post-treatment.
To choose the correct carbide grade for a particular application, look at the supplier's catalog or website for guidance. Although there is no formal international standard, most suppliers use charts that describe grades’ recommended working envelopes based on their "application range" as expressed in a three-character letter-number combination, such as P05-P20.
The first letter represents the material group according to the ISO standard. A letter and a corresponding color are assigned to each material group.
Letter Material Color P Steel Blue M Stainless Steel Yellow K Cast Iron Red N Non-Ferrous Green S Super-Alloys Orange H Hardened Steel GreyThe following two numbers represent the grade's relative hardness level on a scale from 05 to 45 in increments of 5. A 05 application requires a very hard grade suitable for favorable and stable conditions. A 45 application requires a very tough grade suitable for unfavorable and unstable conditions.
Again, there is no standard for these values, so they should be interpreted as a relative value within the specific grade table in which they appear. For example, a grade marked as P10-P20 in two catalogs of different suppliers could have a different hardness.
Grade selection tables are usually shown separately for four different main applications:
A grade marked as P10-P20 in the turning grades table could have different hardness than a grade marked as P10-P20 in the milling grades table, even in the same catalog. This difference comes down to the fact that favorable conditions vary across different applications. Turning applications are best tackled with very hard grades, but in milling, favorable conditions require some toughness because of its interrupted nature.
Table 3, “Grades for Turning” - Source: MachiningDoctor.com
Table 3 depicts a hypothetical chart of grades and their uses in different difficulties of turning applications, as might appear in a cutting tools supplier catalog. In this example, grade A would be recommended for a wide range of turning conditions, but not for heavy interrupted cuts, while grade D would be recommended for heavy interrupted turning and other highly unfavorable conditions. Tools such as the Grades Finder from MachiningDoctor.com can search for grades according to this designation system.
Just as there is no official standard for grade application ranges, there is no formal standard for grade designations. That said, most major carbide insert suppliers follow common guidelines in their grade designations. The "classic" designation follows a six-character format BBSSNN, where:
The above explanation is correct in many cases. But since this is not an ISO/ANSI standard, some suppliers make their own adjustments to the system, and it is wise to be on the lookout for these changes.
Grades play a vital role in turning applications, more than in any other application. Because of that, when checking any supplier's catalog, the turning section will feature the largest selection of grades.
Why are grades so important in turning?
This extensive range of turning grades stems from the extensive range of turning applications. Everything from continuous machining, where the cutting edge is constantly engaged with the workpiece and suffers no impact but generates lots of heat, to interrupted cuts, which have heavy impacts, falls into this category.
The wide range of turning grades also relates to the vast array of diameters in manufacturing, from 1/8 inch (3 mm) for Swiss-type machines to 100 inches for heavy industrial purposes. Because the cutting speed also depends on the diameter, there is a need for different grades that are optimized for either low or high cutting speeds.
Major suppliers usually provide separate series of grades for each material group. In each series, the grades range from tough for interrupted cuts to hard for continuous machining.
In milling, the range of grades on offer is smaller. Due to the application’s fundamentally interrupted nature, milling tools require tough grades with high impact resistance. For the same reason, the coating layer must be thin — otherwise, it will not withstand the impacts.
Most suppliers will use a tough substrate and a variety of coatings for milling different material groups.
In parting or grooving applications, grade selection is limited due to cutting speed factors. That is, the diameter gets smaller as the cut approaches the center. The cutting speed thus decreases gradually. In parting-off to the center, the speed ultimately reaches zero at the end of the cut, and the operation becomes shearing instead of cutting.
Therefore, a grade for parting-off must be compatible with a wide range of cutting speeds, and the substrate should be tough enough to handle the shearing at the end of the operation.
Shallow grooving is an exception to other types. As it shares similarities with turning, suppliers with a large selection of grooving inserts will usually offer a wider variety of grades for specific material groups and conditions.
In drilling, the center of the drill always has a cutting speed of zero, while the periphery has a cutting speed that depends on the drill diameter and spindle speed. Grades optimized for high cutting speeds will fail, and therefore should not be used. Most suppliers will offer just a handful of grades.
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