May. 13, 2024
Due to the sensitivity and hazardous nature of their work, healthcare professionals, doctors, dentists, and other medical practitioners need to use durable, disposable gloves. They need to replace gloves after each patient or procedure, to ensure their own and their patients' safety.
But medical practitioners are far from the only ones who wear disposable gloves. People in many other fields, including the industrial sector, can benefit from single-use hand protection.
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To make sure that professionals in every industry can choose the right types of gloves, they are categorized and classified with varying grades, such as medical or industrial grade. There are also subtler distinctions within those grades — for example, some medical-grade gloves are suitable for surgeries, while others are considered exam-grade gloves better for non-invasive procedures.
Each grade of gloves pertains to different levels of protection against abrasion, bodily fluids, pathogens, and more. These classifications help all disposable glove users choose the right types of gloves to ensure their and their patient’s protection.
What exactly do we mean when we say a box of gloves is medical or industrial grade?
"Medical grade" is a standard set by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). It's based on the acceptable quality level (AQL), which refers to the number of defects in a batch of gloves.
According to FDA guidelines, all medical gloves should have an AQL of 2.5 or less to be categorized as safe for medical and surgical procedures. When subjected to standard quality testing, no more than 2.5 pairs of gloves in a batch of 100 can have flaws like rips or pinhole leaks. This helps to minimize the risk of exposure to germs, body fluids, and other materials that could put healthcare workers at risk.
Gloves for doctors and nurses must also be powder-free. While it can be easier to put on and take off powdered gloves, the powder can also carry allergens through the air or contaminate wounds. For the safety of both patients and care providers, the FDA mandates that medical professionals should use only powder-free gloves.
Compared to medical gloves, the standards governing industrial grade gloves aren't as strict. Since there's less risk of disease transmission in non-medical settings, the FDA doesn't require that industrial gloves meet a specific AQL. However, most manufacturers ensure that their industrial grade gloves have an AQL 3-4 or better.
Industrial gloves are designed to withstand heavy tasks and tend to have high levels of cut and puncture resistance. They're often quite a bit thicker than exam gloves.
Medical and industrial-grade gloves come in many different styles and materials, some offering different levels of quality and protection.
A common alternative term for medical-grade gloves is "exam-grade gloves" or "examination gloves". Both refer to disposable gloves with an AQL of 2.5 or lower. The reason some people say "exam gloves" is to distinguish them from surgical-grade gloves.
Both surgical and examination gloves can be considered types of medical-grade gloves, but surgical gloves have some additional specifications. Single-use gloves for invasive procedures like surgery have to meet an AQL of 1.5 — an even stricter standard than exam gloves.
Surgeons also generally use sterile medical gloves that have been thoroughly disinfected and sealed in individual wrappers. This helps to minimize the risk of germs or other materials winding up in an open wound.
Another specialized type of medical-grade gloves is the kind used in chemotherapy for cancer. The medications used in these treatments are extremely toxic and often require special precautions. Doctors performing chemotherapy should use gloves that have been specifically tested and found to provide a protective barrier against these drugs.
The durability and features of industrial gloves depend on the materials used. Some are designed to be worn once and then discarded, often for use in messy tasks or those that require lots of dexterity. Here are a few different types of disposable industrial-grade gloves:
Other industrial-grade gloves are reusable rather than disposable. They're designed for longevity and durability but generally cost much more to replace. Here are some common types of reusable industrial gloves:
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What kinds of scenarios and workplaces are best for industrial gloves, and which ones call for medical gloves?
At first, medical-grade gloves were designed and created for non-surgical medical applications such as physical examinations — that's why they are also called examination gloves. But their usage has expanded to encompass a wide range of other medical tasks.
Possible uses include:
Anytime you are handling biohazards or harsh chemicals in a medical setting, it is best to wear durable exam-grade gloves to protect yourself and those around you from blood-borne pathogens or chemicals. The only exception is when you need the extra protection of chemotherapy gloves or surgical gloves.
Industrial gloves are commonly used in the sanitation, janitorial, automotive, beauty, food, plumbing, chemical, industrial, and safety industries. Hence, they are also called general purpose gloves. Some tasks that might be appropriate for these gloves include:
If you are handling heavy machinery and equipment, it is best to find the right size of industrial gloves to prevent accidents at work.
As the name suggests, general purpose or industrial gloves are used for tasks that are not as delicate and sensitive as conducting surgeries or other medical procedures. Industrial-grade gloves don’t come with a USFDA certificate. They can’t be used in medical procedures.
However, medical gloves can be used for general purposes. They're often employed in non-medical industries like skincare or tattooing, where their high level of protection against infections can be important.
Picking the right gloves for the job isn't as simple as choosing medical-grade gloves or industrial gloves. It's also important to consider glove thickness. Thicker gloves offer better protection against tears and punctures, so they may be better for rough jobs. Thinner gloves allow for more flexibility, making them excellent for tasks that require delicacy and precision.
You should also consider the material you're using. Disposable gloves are most commonly made from latex, nitrile, or vinyl. The type of gloves you use will depend on the tasks and their purpose and application.
To help you choose the best medical and/or industrial gloves, here’s a comparison table of gloves based on their materials.
Glove Material | Intended Use | Advantages | Disadvantages |
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Latex (Natural Rubber) | Incidental contact |
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Nitrile | Incidental and extended contact |
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Vinyl or Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) | Specific use |
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Neoprene | Extended contact |
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