How Do You Pick the Correct Rod Dia for Threading?

It is the simplest and most practical solution to buy 5/16 rod if you want to cut a 5/16-18 thread with a die. Be aware that there are different materials available. You did not say what material you want to use. Steel is the most common material, but 12L14 steel is much more easy to thread than 1018 steel or drill rod, for instance. And you will find a cutting fluid will make any material easier to thread than trying to do it dry.

You mentioned that the unthreaded part of a 5/16-18 bolt was much smaller than 5/16. That is because the threads on modern bolts are rolled, not cut from solid. The OD of the rolled thread is cold formed and becomes larger than the unthreaded OD of the blank bolt.

Rethreading dies are indeed always hex shaped. But they are also the same size hex as the standard nut for that size thread. So a 5/16-18 rethreading die is 1/2" across the flats. They are used to re-form damaged threads on bolts, and cannot cut new threads. The hex dies that are standard die size, like 1" across the flats, are for cutting new threads on solid bar.

Dies for cutting threads can be either solid or adjustable. Hex dies are always solid. Round dies can be solid or adjustable. There are several ways that adjustable dies are made. Some have adjusting screws built in to the die. Others need a special die stock that has a pointed adjusting screw to expand the die in addition to the two side screws that can compress the split die. Die stocks for solid dies need only one locking screw. You can buy die stocks that hold both 1" hex and 1" round solid dies. If you buy a Sears or Ace or similar set of taps and dies, it will probably have solid carbon steel dies, whether round or hex. If you buy industrial quality high speed steel dies, they will probably be round adjustable, so be sure you have the right kind of die stock for it.

Larry

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Threaded rod, also known as threaded bar, threaded studding or screw rod, is a common fastener type. It is used much the same way as a very long, thick bolt or screw. Screwed rod threading might run the full length of the stud (all-thread), or partway along from both ends.

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Threaded rods and stud bolts are widely used wherever a fastener of greater length and rigidity is needed to secure two items together. They are often found securing wood or metal items together or being used to give additional strength to structures supported by concrete and other materials. The threading makes it easy to attach nuts and other fixings to the rod as required.

You will find a wide variety of sizes, gauges and load capacities available to suit all kinds of jobs. Some varieties may have a drive slot in one end, making them easier to install, although most studding does not feature a head in the same way that most bolts and screws do.

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