Benefits of LSZH (Low Smoke Zero Halogen) Cables

Author: Steve

Nov. 27, 2024

Benefits of LSZH (Low Smoke Zero Halogen) Cables

Low smoke zero halogen (LSZH) cables are made with a special thermoplastic jacket. The use of thermoplastic or thermosetting compounds makes this type of insulation exceptionally flame retardant. LSZH materials are most often used when both fire safety and reliability are critical. LSZH cables are ideal for confined spaces where poor ventilation could be a serious concern.  HFFR or halogen-free flame-retardant cables, are cables with special ethylene copolymer blends for jacketing, which provide similar safety benefits as LSZH.  For the purposes of this article, we will equate LSZH with HFFR materials.

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&#;Low smoke&#; features

In dense urban areas with tunnels full of cable wiring, fire can pose a significant risk according to Science Direct. It is a well-known fact that the most dangerous component of a fire in its early stages is not the flame but the smoke. In areas with limited ventilation, rapid accumulation of smoke can quickly lead to casualties. Even if ventilating systems are present, heavy smoke greatly diminishes visibility and can conceal exits and escape routes.

LSZH is a low-smoke jacketing material that produces little to no smoke when exposed to fires. It is composed of thermoplastic compounds that give off no or minimal amounts of white smoke when exposed to high temperatures. LSZH cables provide excellent physical and electrical insulation properties, while also offering quality flame retardation.

&#;Zero halogen&#; features

The burning of common jacketing materials produces high amounts of toxic and/or corrosive gases. Most standard cables have halogens such as chlorine, bromine, and iodine in their jacketing. When this sheathing material burns, it produces toxic chemical gases that are dangerous to your health and can cause suffocation. These noxious gases can also combine with water, such as the extinguishing water used by firefighters or moisture within a person&#;s airways, to form corrosive acids. Inhaling these toxic fumes can cause permanent damage to the throat and lungs and lead to complex respiratory problems.

On the other hand, LSZH cables do not contain halogens in their jacketing and therefore produce significantly lower amounts of harmful gases and chemicals when burning. While some gases are still released when the sheathing material is exposed to high temperatures, these are not toxic and do not produce corrosive fumes. Another benefit is that LSZH cables are composed of materials that are environmentally safe.

The difference between PVC and LSZH cables

PVC (polyvinylchloride) jacketed cables are modified with plasticizers to add certain features and characteristics.  While PVC generally has very good flame retardancy, it can still emit smoke and toxic gases upon burning.  Because of the lack of standardization, there are variations in the fire retardation properties of PVC cables. Different manufacturers use a range of different additives or a combination of them to lower costs while meeting the installation requirements.

Low smoke zero halogen cables, as the name suggests, produce little to no smoke or toxic gases when exposed to heat or flames. LSZH jacketing materials also go through a robust battery of tests before they are approved for industrial or commercial use. These tests evaluate characteristics including electrical properties, flame propagation, smoke measurement, and halogen content measurement.

Additionally, LSZH cables are physically very different from PVC cables. LSZH cables are more rigid because of the flame retarding compounds in the sheathing, while PVC cables can be softer.

Improved fire safety with LSZH Cables

LSZH cables are particularly suited for use in confined spaces where people or sensitive electronic equipment are present. The classical examples of such spaces are submarines, aircrafts, tanks, and rail carriages, which is why the military was one of the first groups to take up the widespread use of LSZH cables. In addition to being the standard practice for cabling in the armed services, LSZH cables are also in demand for central offices and other sites with extensive cabling needs.

LSZH cables do not emit toxic gases and maintain visibility even in restricted spaces. They also ensure smooth functioning of electrical devices that may be susceptible to damage from corrosive gases and fumes. Moreover, LSZH cables are self-extinguishing and inhibit the spread of flames to a larger area.

Specifications

  • Better tensile strength (greater than 1.2Kgf / mm2)
  • Improved resistance to weathering (~30° C to 105° C)
  • Enhanced softness (80-90 hardness)
  • Non-shifting (no moving morphic)
  • High-volume resistivity (greater than Ω / cm3)
  • Responds well to high voltages (up to 15 kV)
  • Good elasticity and adhesion

The tests measuring these specifications are conducted under laboratory conditions. The particular values may not be replicated in commercial installations because of external factors.

It is also possible to order custom-made cables that improve on one or more of these properties based on project requirements.

Potential applications

LSZH cabling is routinely used in places with limited ventilation, a high concentration of personnel, or low air density. Mass transit facilities and underground tunnel systems also necessitate the use of LSZH cables. LSZH cables are routinely used in Europe, but their adoption in the U.S. has been slower due to stringent regulations. Locations that benefit the most from the installation of LSZH cables include:

  • High-rise buildings
  • Hospitals
  • &#;Server/data centers
  • Communication and broadcast facilities
  • Public underground settings
  • Nuclear power stations
  • Oil platforms
  • Aerospace, railroad, and maritime applications

LSZH jacketing can be used to fabricate nearly any type of cable or wiring. Cables that use LSZH insulation and sheathing most frequently include:

  • Instrumentation cables
  • Broadcast audio/video cables
  • Power and data cables
  • Transportation cables
  • Automation cables
  • Communication/Ethernet cables
  • Security and alarm control cables

Another issue with jacketing materials is the abundance of insulating compounds available. Low-smoke insulation could produce toxic halogens, and zero-halogen insulation could give off heavy smoke on burning. LSZH cabling is, therefore, the most sensible option for applications where both safety and performance are important.

Remee provides standard and custom cables to deliver specialized products that fit your particular needs. We offer LSZH jacketing solutions for a wide range of cables. Being one of the top wire and cable manufacturers in the country, we offer multiple configurations, composite constructions, and a variety of shielding and jacket coloring/striping options for our cables.

For more information on how Remee can help with your wiring and cabling requirements, browse our selection of products or get in touch with our experts.

What is LSZH Cable and Where to Use It?

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LSZH cable is low smoke halogen free cable. low smoke emission, namely, reduces the production of harmful objects during combustion. Halogen is a toxic gas for humans. Halogen free means no toxic gases are released in the event of a fire.

What is the LSZH cable?

LSZH Copper Wire

The LSZH cable can be referred to as environmental protection cable. It is suitable for the rated voltage of 450/750V and below with requirements of high safety and environmental protection of the place.. For example, are suitable for tall buildings, seasons, metros, airports, hospitals, great libraries, gyms, schools, shopping malls and other crowded places.

All or part of the sheath of the LSZH cable, the cover, outer shell and auxiliary materials (lining and padding) are composed of flame retardant material of polyethylene, so it has excellent flame retardant characteristics.

When an ordinary cable burns, releases large amounts of smoke and halogenated acid gases. Halogen acid gas will cause corrosion damage to surrounding electrical equipment. It will also have an adverse effect on rescuers and will not be conducive to rescue work in the event of a fire., which in turn will lead to more serious secondary damage.

Nevertheless, low-smoke zero-halogen cables are manufactured from flame-retardant halogen-free polyethylene material for all or part of the outer jacket and supplemental material. This makes it not only more fire retardant, but also free from halogenated acid gases when burning.

What are the characteristics of LSZH Cable?

LSZH Insulated Cable

If we want to know where low smoke zero halogen cables should be used, we must know its types and characteristics.

The tensile strength of LSZH flame retardant cables is higher than that of PVC wires and cables usually. In the case of PVC cables, the tensile strength is 1,05 kGF/mm2. While, the tensile strength of low smoke halogen-free cables is greater than 1,2 kGF/mm2.

The LSZH cable has good climatic adaptability, can withstand temperatures from -30°C to 105°C. Besides, It has excellent flexibility due to its hardness. 80 a 90. LSZH cables have high volume resistivity. Y at ω/cm3 is for PVC cables and over ω/cm3 is for Low Smoke Halogen Free cables.

LSZH cables have good resistance to high cable tension. They can withstand voltages greater than 15kV. They also have good elasticity and adhesiveness.

What Are The Uses Of Low Smoke Halogen Free Cable?

Low smoke zero halogen cables are becoming more popular in military applications, aircraft, railway and maritime. This is because in these areas it is often difficult to ventilate in the event of a fire..

Besides, Low smoke halogen free material is also widely used in high pressure underground tunnels or track marking lines in railway system. when using them, reduces the possibility of harmful gases accumulating in the event of a fire. In case of fire, LSZH cable jacket helps protect personnel from flames, smoke and noxious gases emitted.

Use of LSZH Cable

What Are The Differences Between LSZH Cables And Normal Cables?

halogen

Low smoke halogen free cables do not release halogenated acid gases. Nevertheless, ordinary cables contain halogens in their insulating sheath. When a fire breaks out, large amounts of halogenated acid gas. This gas is very corrosive and can increase the spread of a fire..

There

When the LSZH cable burns, the smoke produced is very small. Instead, ordinary cables emit a lot of smoke during combustion. This hampers the work of the personnel involved and pollutes the environment.. Compared to normal insulated cables, low smoke halogen free cables emit only a very small amount of smoke. The amount of smoke emitted should also be recognized as a low smoke level.

Radius of Curvature in Laying

To further improve the electrical performance and mechanical power of the cable and ensure better power transmission quality, the bending radius of LSZH cable is larger than that of ordinary cable during laying construction.

Advantages and Disadvantages of LSZH Cable in Use

environmental protection cable

Advantages of LSZH Cables

1.Free of halogens: Low Smoke Zero Halogen cables are made with environmentally friendly insulation, coating and special materials. This means that it not only has good electrical and physical-mechanical properties, but also avoid secondary pollution by toxic combustion gases.

2.Low smoke emission and low toxicity: This type of cable uses special new sheathing materials. So, no toxic gases are produced during its production and use and it does not pollute the environment. The use of low-smoke, zero-halogen cables is essential in areas with special needs and where there is a high concentration of people.

3.Environmentally friendly: LSZH cable insulation and sheath do not contain heavy metals harmful to human, like lead and cadmium. And the cable is disposed of without contaminating the soil or water. It is more environmentally friendly than conventional cables. So, also known as green cable.

4.High flame retardancy: Green cables can meet the high fire requirements of buildings. The LSZH wires and cables are not easily combustible and prevent the spread of fire and the spread of disasters.. Especially in high-rise buildings, the use of LSZH cables can increase the rescue time and reduce the danger of harmful gases to people.

Disadvantages of LSZH Cables

The disadvantages of Low Smoke Zero Halogen cable are mainly price and popularity of use.. Although LSZH cables are environmentally friendly, its raw material and technical costs are more expensive than conventional PVC cables. Besides, due to excellent electrical conductivity, the mechanical properties and some other special properties of the ordinary wires, LSZH cables cannot completely replace ordinary cables. Nevertheless, as environmental requirements increase and technology advances, LSZH cables will develop strongly.

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